Python Operators
Python has a wide range of operators over primitive types. We've already worked with =
; let's explore some others.
First, mathematical operators:
a: int = 10
b: int = 5
# math operators
sum: int = a + b
subtract: int = a - b
divide: int = a / b
multiply: int = a * b
exponent: int = a ** b
# this one is important in programming
modulo: int = a % b
# math and assignment operators
a = 10
a -= 5
a += 7
a *= 2
a /= 3
# what is a?
# parentheses mean the same as they do in math
1 + 1
2 * 5 + 7
2 * (5 + 7)
Next, logical operators:
# are they the same value?
1 == 2
10 == 5 + 5
100 != 10
1000 != 10 * ((5 + 3 + 2) ** 2)
# how do they compare?
10 < 5
10 > 5
10 <= 10
10 >= 11
"b" > "a"
# are both statements true?
True and True
True and False
(10 > 5) and (5 < 7)
# is *at least one* statement true?
True or False
True or True
False or False
# reverse a boolean value
not True
not False
not (True and False)
not (True or False)
# DeMorgan's Law - these are equivalent
not ((not True) and (not False))
True or False
Knowledge Check
What is the final value of each variable here?
a = 1 + 1
b = a / 4.0
c = b * 10
d = c % 5
e = (d - 1) * c
f = True and True
g = True and False
h = False or False
i = False or True
j = a > 0
k = b > a
l = (a + b) * 2 == 3
m = False or (False or True)
n = not (not (False and not(False or True))
Exercise
Write a basic calculator app. The app needs to do 3 things:
- Take two numbers,
a
andb
, withinput()
- Add them together
- Output the result